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Portugal and Age of Discovery, Age of Discoveries, Portuguese discoveries, differences between the caravel, nau, carrack, galleon, Discoveries of the world , History of Portugal, great sailors of the sea, Discovery of America, Discovery of Canada, Discovery of Australia. Explorers of the oceans and sea. Exploration of the globe. Portuguese ships vessels. Portuguese Empire, Instruments and navigation inovations.
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In this part of the document there are intended to do a register of the events referring to the sea discoveries, conquests and commercial and cultural relations of Portugal in the periods of the XV and XVI centuries. There are registered in chronological order the events connected with discovery of new lands and sea routes, as well as the conquests of some places. Not being these conquests, in any cases coincident with his respective discovery, in case of the Portugueses to have carried out, the register of the conquest will be marked in the place of the discovery with the respective dates. Ex - Island of Mozambique (discovery Eur 1498/conquered in 1507).
In what it tells to the discovery of lands or seas, in the chronological picture of the events, when marked some event of the type, an acronym will be added telling if this land was discovered in world-wide exclusiveness - EM, discovered in world-wide exclusiveness but with native inhabitants - EMn, or for the first time for the Europeans - Eur.
Age of Discovery
The Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of Exploration, was a period in history starting in the 15th century and continuing into the early 17th century during which Portugal, and then the other European countries, engaged in intensive exploration of the world, establishing direct contacts with Africa, the Americas, Asia and Oceania and mapping the planet. The Portuguese began systematically exploring the Atlantic coast of Africa from 1418, under the sponsorship of Prince Henry, reaching the Indian Ocean by this route in 1488. In 1498, a Portuguese expedition commanded by Vasco da Gama finally achieved the dream of reaching India by sailing around Africa, opening up direct trade with "Asia". Soon, the Portuguese sailed further eastward, to the valuable “spice islands” in 1512, landing in China one year later. East and west exploration overlapped in 1522, when the portuguese Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition west, achieving the first circumnavigation of the world. The Spanish only have a significant discover, almost 70 years after the Portuguese, when in 1492 Spain inform the world that the lands west to Azores are ...Asia. So, if the Spanish are named as conquistadors, the portuguese were the realy exploradors, once they search on all over world seas ! In 1595, the Dutch, French and English, who entered the race of exploration shortly after learning of these exploits, defied the Iberian monopoly on maritime trade by searching for new routes, first to the north, and into the Pacific Ocean around South America, but eventually by following the Portuguese around Africa into the Indian Ocean.
Along the times there were several nations that, for the technological innovation and / or for the naval power, dominated the seas in certain periods of time and of sea / river space.
Fenícia (Mediterranean) - century V B.C. Grece (Mediterranean) - century IV B.C. Cartage (Mediterranean) - century III B.C. Rome (Mediterranean) - centuryII a.c. - Sec. III B.C. Bizance (Mediterranean) - century III a.c. - Sec. XI Viking (North sea, part/Mediterranean, North Atlântic) - century VII - Sec. XI Génova (Mediterranean) - century XIII Venice (Mediterranean) - century XIV China (China sea/Índic) - century XIV - XV Árabia (Índic) - century XV
Portugal (Atlantic) - century XV (South Atlantic) - century XVI (Indic) - century XVI
Historical framing of Portugal
When about 1249 Portugal ended the "reconquest" of the territory, referring to the conquest for south, of the space that today is Portugal, it began a process of consolidation, administration of the country. The remaining Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula (Hispania) were still fighting to south against the Moors (up to 1492), showing however, principally Castela, will of taking care the administration of Portugal.
In this period of time
the Portuguese language (1290) was created, when Christ's Order
(1319, in substitution of the of the Templar
Order),
creation of the
University in Coimbra (1290), signed commercial treaties with
England was establishedand the Portuguese navy was organized. In 1383 it
appeared a critical period, being in question to independence of the
country. After great military victories in 1385, John I organized the
country on significant way.
Again when the independence, Portugal was consolidated
(always pressed by Spain) turned now the focus to the ocean.
Portugal could be consider the 1st Big
Intercontinental Empire, broadcast and administered at sea. This
small country, dominated on the XV century the whole African
western coast and Atlantic islands (very probably also lands the west of
the Azores). In the century XVI took the power of the South Atlantic and
Indian Ocean (even to the sea of China and Japan).
Principal Discoveries and Portuguese
Possessions. (There are not included travels that are not legitimized but to which there are signs of realization)
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Discovery
